Lab 3.2.4 Verifying STP with Show Commands

Step 1: Cable the network 

What is the advantage of providing redundant links in a network like this one?

Step 2: Configure the switches

Step 3: Configure the hosts

Step 4: Verify connectivity

To verify that the network is set up successfully, ping from Host 1 to Host 2. Was the ping successful?

Step 5: Examine interface VLAN 1 information

a. On SwitchA, enter the command show interface vlan1 at the privileged EXEC mode prompt. What is the MAC address of SwitchA?

b. On SwitchB, enter the command show interface vlan1 at the privileged EXEC mode prompt. What is the MAC address of SwitchB? Which switch should be the root of the spanning tree for this network?

Step 6: Determine the roles of ports participating in the spanning tree on each switch

On SwitchB, enter the command show spanning-tree at the privileged EXEC mode prompt. Which switch is the root bridge? The spanning tree is using three ports on each switch. Complete this chart indicating the port state and role for each port.

Step 7: Create a change in the network topology

a. Remove the crossover cable from the forwarding port on the non-root bridge.

b. Wait a few seconds, and then enter the show spanning-tree command again on the non-root bridge. What changes do you see in the spanning tree?

c. Check the spanning tree on the root bridge.

What changes have occurred there?

d. Continue to check the spanning tree on both switches until a new tree has been calculated and all ports are either forwarding or blocking. How long does it take for this to happen?

e. Replace the cable that was removed in Step 7a.

f. Wait again until both switches have recalculated their tables. How much time has passed since you first removed the crossover cable?

g. What effect did these topology changes have on network uptime?

Step 8: Examine the spanning tree on each switch

a. On each switch, enter the command show spanning-tree detail.

b. Examine the information for port Fa0/1. The output shows the interface, role, and state for each switch. It also provides details about port activity and characteristics.

How might the following information help you to verify the status of the network and troubleshoot network problems?

1)      Number of transitions to forwarding state:

2)      Number of BPDUs that have been sent and received:

c. On each switch, enter the following commands. Determine the type of information that each command provides: show spanning-tree bridge jawab: show spanning-tree summary

Step 9: Reflection

Your networking team is deciding whether to disable Spanning Tree Protocol on the switches in your corporate network. Explain how you would feel about this decision. What are the advantages and disadvantages? How would this decision affect your network design?

Lab 3.2.3 Building a Switched Network with Redundant Links

Step 1: Cable the network

a. Connect Host 1 to Switch 1 Fast Ethernet port Fa0/7, using a straight-through Ethernet cable.

b. Connect Host 2 to Switch 2 Fast Ethernet port Fa0/8, using a straight-through Ethernet cable.

c. Connect Switch 1 Fast Ethernet port Fa0/1 to Switch 2 Fast Ethernet port Fa0/1, using a crossover Ethernet cable.

d. Create a redundant link between the switches by connecting Switch 1 Fast Ethernet port Fa0/4 to Switch 2 Fast Ethernet port Fa0/4, using a crossover Ethernet cable. What typically undesirable traffic pattern have you created by using the two crossover cables between the two switches?

Predict: What do you think the switches will do to keep this from becoming a problem?

Step 2: Configure the switches

Step 3: Configure the hosts

a. Configure each host to use an IP address in the same network as the switches.

b. Configure each host to use the same subnet mask as the switches. Why is no default gateway specified for this network?

Step 4: Verify connectivity

a. To verify that the network is set up successfully, ping from Host 1 to Host 2. Was the ping successful?

b. If the ping is not successful, verify the connections and configurations again. Check to ensure that all cables are correct and that connections are seated. If the ping is not successful, what utility could you use to determine where the connection is failing?

Step 5: Examine interface VLAN 1 information

a. From the terminal emulation session on either switch, enter the command show interface vlan1 ? at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.

SwitchA#show interface vlan1 ?

List some of the options that are available

b. On SwitchA, enter the command show interface vlan1 at the privileged EXEC mode prompt. SwitchA#show interface vlan1

What is the MAC address of the switch?

What other term for MAC address is used?

c. On SwitchB, enter the command show interface vlan1 at the privileged EXEC mode prompt. What is the MAC address of the switch?

Which switch should be the root of the spanning tree for this network?

Step 6: Examine the spanning-tree tables on each switch

a. On SwitchA, enter the command show spanning-tree at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.

b. On SwitchB, enter the command show spanning-tree at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.

c.  Examine the outputs and answer the following questions:

Which switch is the root bridge?

What is the priority of the root bridge?

What is the bridge ID of the root bridge?

Which ports are forwarding on the root bridge?

Which ports are blocking on the root bridge?

What is the priority of the non-root bridge?

What is the bridge ID of the non-root bridge?

Which ports are forwarding on the non-root bridge?

Which ports are blocking on the non-root bridge?

d. Examine the link lights on both switches.

Can you tell which port is in blocking state?

Why is there no change in the link lights?

Step 7: Reassign the root bridge

What would you do if you wanted a different switch to be the root bridge for this network?

Why might you want to do this?

For the purposes of this lab, assume that the switch that is currently the root bridge is undesirable. The example assumes that SwitchB is preferred as the root switch. To “force” SwitchB to become the new root bridge, you need to configure a new priority for it.

a. Go to the console and enter configuration mode on SwitchB.

b. Determine the options that can be configured for the Spanning Tree Protocol by issuing this command: SwitchB(config)#spanning-tree ?

c. List the options that are available: _____________________

d. Set the priority of the switch to 4096.

SwitchB(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 priority 4096

SwitchB(config)#exit

Step 8: Look at the spanning-tree table

a. On SwitchA, enter show spanning-tree at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.

b. On SwitchB, enter show spanning-tree at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.

c. Examine the outputs and answer the following questions:

Which switch is the root bridge?

What is the priority of the root bridge?

What is the bridge ID of the root bridge?

Which ports are forwarding on the root bridge?

Which ports are blocking on the root bridge?

What is the priority of the non-root bridge?

What is the bridge ID of the non-root bridge?

Which ports are forwarding on the non-root bridge?

Which ports are blocking on the non-root bridge?

Step 9: Verify the running configuration file on the root bridge

a. On the switch that was changed to be the root bridge, enter the show running-configcommand at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.

b. Locate the spanning-tree priority information for this switch.

c. How can you tell from the information given that this switch is the root bridge?

Step 10: Reflection

Suppose that you are adding new switches to a company’s network. Why should you plan the physical design carefully? Why should you be prepared to make adjustments to factory default settings?

Lab 3.1.4 Applying Basic Switch Security

Step 1: Connect PC1 to the switch

a. Connect PC1 to Fast Ethernet switch port Fa0/1. Configure PC1 to use the IP address, mask, and gateway shown in the table. 
b. Establish a terminal emulation session to the switch from PC1.

Step 2: Connect PC2 to the switch
a. Connect PC2 to Fast Ethernet switch port Fa0/4.
b. Configure PC2 to use the IP address, mask, and gateway shown in the table.

Step 3: Configure PC3 but do not connect
A third host is needed for this lab. 

a. Configure PC3 using IP address 192.168.1.5. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, and the default gateway is 192.168.1.1.
b. Do not connect this PC to the switch yet. It will be used for testing security.

Step 4: Perform an initial configuration on the switcha. Configure the hostname of the switch as Switch1b. Set the privileged EXEC mode password to cisco.c. Set the privileged EXEC mode secret password to class.d. Configure the console and virtual terminal lines to use a password and require it at login.e. Exit from the console session and log in again.Which password was required to enter privileged EXEC mode?Why?

Step 5: Configure the switch management interface on VLAN 1a. Enter the interface configuration mode for VLAN 1.b. Set the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for the management interface.Why does interface VLAN 1 require an IP address in this LAN?What is the purpose of the default gateway?

Step 6: Verify the management LANs settingsa. Verify that the IP address of the management interface on the switch VLAN 1 and the IP address of PC1 and PC2 are on the same local network. Use the show running-config command to check the IP address configuration of the switch.b. Verify the interface settings on VLAN 1.What is the bandwidth on this interface?What are the VLAN states?VLAN 1 is   and line protocol is        .

Step 7: Disable the switch from being an http server
Turn off the feature of the switch being used as an http server. 
Switch1(config)#no ip http server
 
Step 8: Verify connectivitya. To verify that hosts and switch are correctly configured, ping the switch IP address from the hosts. Were the pings successful?If the ping is not successful, verify the connections and configurations again. Check to ensure that all cables are correct and that connections are seated. Check the host and switch configurations.b. Save the configuration.

Step 9: Record the host MAC addressesDetermine and record the Layer 2 addresses of the PC network interface cards. From the command prompt of each PC, enter ipconfig /all.PC1PC2PC3


Step 10: Determine what MAC addresses the switch has learned
Determine what MAC addresses the switch has learned by using the show mac-address-table command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.How many dynamic addresses are there?How many total MAC addresses are there?Do the MAC addresses match the host MAC addresses?
Step 11: View the show mac-address-table options
View the options that the show mac-address-table command has available.Switch1(config)#show mac-address-table ?What options are available?
Step 12: Set up a static MAC address

Step 13: Verify the results
a. Verify the MAC address table entries.Switch1#show mac-address-tableHow many dynamic MAC addresses are there now?How many static MAC addresses are there now?b. Remove the static entry from the MAC Address Table.
Step 14: List port security options
a. Determine the options for setting port security on interface FastEthernet 0/4.What are some available options?b. To allow the switch port FastEthernet 0/4 to accept only one device, configure port security.c. Exit configuration mode and check the port security settings.If a host other than PC2 attempts to connect to Fa0/4, what will happen?
Step 15: Limit the number of hosts per port
a. On interface FastEthernet 0/4, set the port security maximum MAC count to 1.b. Disconnect the PC attached to FastEthernet 0/4. Connect PC3 to FastEthernet 0/4. PC3 has been given the IP address of 192.168.1.5 and has not yet been attached to the switch. It may be necessary to ping the switch address 192.168.1.2 to generate some traffic. Record any observations.


Step 16: Configure the port to shut down if there is a security violationa. In the event of a security violation, the interface should be shut down. To make the port security shut down, enter the following command: Switch1(config-if)#switchport port-security violation shutdownWhat other action options are available with port security?b. If necessary, ping the switch address 192.168.1.2 from the PC3 192.168.1.5. This PC is now connected to interface FastEthernet 0/4. This ensures that there is traffic from the PC to the switch.c. Record any observations.d. Check the port security settings
Step 17: Show port 0/4 configuration information
FastEthernet0/4 is     and line protocol is             .
Step 18: Reactivate the port

Step 19: Disable unused ports

Step 20: Reflection 
a. Why would port security be enabled on a switch?

b. Why should unused ports on a switch be disabled?

Lab 2.3.5 Configuring Basic Routing and Switching

Step 1: Connect PC1 to the switch

a. Connect PC1 to Fast Ethernet switch port Fa0/1. Configure PC1 to use the IP address, mask, and gateway as shown in the topology diagram.
b. Establish a terminal emulation session to the switch from PC1

Step 2: Perform an initial configuration on the switch

a. Configure the hostname of the switch as Switch1.b. Set the privileged EXEC mode password to cisco.c. Set the privileged EXEC mode secret password to classd. Configure the console and virtual terminal lines to use a password and require it at login.e. Exit from the console session and log in again. Which password was required?
Jawaban : Password yang sudah kita konfigurasikan di console  session yaitu password yang ada pada terminal pertama. password yang digunakan ialah cisco
Why?
Karena pada saat pengaturan kita telah memerintahkan setiap melakukan login pada sebuah terminal maka kita harus memasukkan password. karena untuk mengakses kelas atau host yang telah dibentuk menggunakan konfigurasi pada switch, sehingga kelas tersebut bersifat tertutup, sehingga membutuhkan password untuk login.

Step 3: Configure the switch management interface on VLAN 1a. Enter the interface configuration mode for VLAN 1.b. Set the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for the management interface.Why does interface VLAN1 require an IP address in this LAN?  Interface dari VLAN akan memenejmen IP address di setiap computer yang berada di LAN. dibutuhkan alamt IP pada VLAN ini karena mengkonfigurasi dua router dengan menggunakan rute statis dan kemudian menggunakan protokol routingc. What is the purpose of the default gateway?
Jawaban : Tujuan dari Default gateway adalah untuk melewatkan IP address yang berada di LAN yang berbeda.

Step 4: Verify configuration of the switch

Step 5: Perform basic configuration of router R1a. Connect switch port Fa0/3 to interface Fa0/0 of router R1.b. Establish a terminal emulation session to router R1 from PC1.c. Enter privileged EXEC mode, and then global configuration mode.d. Configure the router name as R1.e. Disable DNS lookupWhy would DNS lookup be disabled in a lab environment?Jawaban : karena jika menggunakan DNS IP address yang telah terdaftar saja yang bisa menggunakan jaringan, karena pada pengaturan ini IP address terdaftar secara otomatis.f.  Configure the EXEC mode passwordWhy is it not necessary to use the enable password password command? 

Jawaban : karena telah dikonfigurasi sebelumnya , yaitu member password pada pengaturan host, sehingga tidak diperlukan lagi password pada password command.g. Configure a message-of-the-day banner using the banner motd command. Where does this banner display?Jawaban : Banner display berada di atash. Configure the console and virtual terminal lines to use a password and require it at login.

Step 6: Configure interfaces and static routing on router R1a. Configure the FastEthernet 0/0 interface with the IP address 192.168.1.1/24.b. Configure the Serial 0/0/0 interface with the IP address 192.168.2.1/24. Set the clock rate to 64000.c. Return to global configuration mode.d. Create a static route to enable R1 to reach the network attached to the R2 Fa0/0 interface. Use the next hop interface on R2 as the path to this network.Why is this static route the only one required?Jawaban : karena Konfigurasi interface dan statis routing pada router R1 telah mendaftarkan terlebih dahulu IP address statis yang diperlukan.e. Return to privileged EXEC mode.f.  Save the configuration.g. Shut down R1.

Step 7: Connect PC2 to router R2a. Connect PC2 to the Fast Ethernet interface 0/0 of router R2. What kind of cable is required to connect a host directly to a router Ethernet port?
Jawaban : jenis kabel twisted, atau UTPb. Establish a terminal emulation session with router R2 from PC2

Step 8: Perform basic configuration of router R2

Step 9: Connect the internetwork

Step 10: Verify and test the configurationsa. To verify that PC1 and Switch1 are correctly configured, ping the switch IP address from PC1.b. To verify that Switch1 and R1 are correctly configured, ping the router Fa0/0 interface (default gateway) IP address from the Switch1 CLI.c. To verify that PC2 and R2 are correctly configured, ping the router Fa0/0 interface from PC2. Were the pings successful? Ya berhasild. Verify that the routing tables have routes to all configured networks by using the show ip route command. What does the “S” indicate?Jawaban : symbol “S” merupaakn pembatasan hak akses yang berarti security, karena telah dikonfigurasikan pada tahapan awal tadi.e. Verify the router interface configurations using the show ip interface brief command. What should the output indicate for correctly configured, active interfaces?
Jawaban : jika terminal R1 dan R2 telah terkoneksi
f. View devices from R1’s terminal session using the show cdp neighbors command. If an additional switch is added between PC2 and R2, would that switch appear in this command output? No. Why or why not?Jawaban : maka perlu ditambahakn perintahR2(config-if)# interface FastEthernet 0 / 0
R2 (config-if) # ip address PC2(alamat IP addressnya) 255.255.255.0
R2 (config-if) # shutdown tidak

Step 11: Remove Static Route and configure a routing protocol on router R1

Step 12: Remove Static Route and configure a routing protocol on router R2

Step 13: Verify and test the configurationsa. To verify that PC1 and Switch1 are correctly configured, ping the switch IP address from PC1.b. To verify that Switch1 and R1 are correctly configured, ping the router Fa0/0 interface (default gateway) IP address from the Switch1 CLI.c. To verify that PC2 and R2 are correctly configured, ping the router Fa0/0 interface from PC2. Were the pings successful?d. Verify that the routing tables have routes to all configured networks by using the show ip route command. R2’s routing table should display:What does the “R” indicate?On R1, which route would be displayed with an “R”?Jawaban : huruf R menunjukkan proses routing yang telah dikonfigurasikan untuk menghubungkan R1 dan R2 pada temapt yang berbeda.e. Verify the router interface configurations using the show ip interface brief command.f. View devices from R1’s terminal session using the show cdp neighbors command.

Step 14: Use the switch management interfacea. Open a command prompt on PC1, and enter the telnet command followed by the IP address assigned to management interface VLAN 1.b. Enter the vty password configured in Step 2 to gain access to the switch.c. At the switch prompt, issue the show version command. Switch1>show versiond. What is the Cisco IOS version of this switch?e. Determine which MAC addresses the switch has learned by using the show mac-address-table command at the privileged EXEC mode prompt.How can you determine the MAC address belonging to PC1?dapat dilihat dari table mac address dan lihat computer PC1 .Does PC1’s MAC address match one in the switch table? 
Jawaban : Ya
f. To allow the switch port FastEthernet 0/1 to accept only one device, configure port security as follows:g. Check the port security settings. If a host other than PC1 attempts to connect to Fa0/1, what will happen?
Jawaban : Akan dimatikan secara otomatis.
h. Issue the show interfaces command. What is the duplex and speed setting for Fa0/5 now?i. Enter quit at the switch command prompt to terminate the Telnet session.

Step 15: Reflectiona. Describe a situation in which you would use virtual terminal access to manage a switch, as you did in Step 11.Jawaban : bisa di implementasika pada kantor kecil yang jaraknya dekat atau bersebelahan.b. Which symbol is used to show a successful ping in the Cisco IOS software?
Jawaban : congratulation 

c. Which commands used in this lab would provide the best documentation for this network?

Jawaban : Switch1 # show mac-address-table

d. This lab gave you an opportunity to review and display your knowledge of configuration commands. If you were asked to state three rules for “best practices” in device configuration, what would they be?Jawaban : 
1. Menetukan rute terbaik
2. memilih jenis protocol yang digunakan dan membatasi IP address3. mendaftarkan MAC address

e. Erase and reload all devices.

Lab 1.3.3 Determining the Screen Resolution of a Computer

Step 1: Determine the current screen resolution 

b. Use the Display Properties Settings tab to record the current settings on your PC: The screen resolution is (H by V) 

Jawaban : Horizontal The horizontal resolution is: 1024,

The vertical resolution is: 768,

The color quality value is: 32 bit

Step 2: Determine the maximum resolution for the highest color quality

b. Use the Display Properties Settings tab to fill out the following table for the current settings on your PC:Answere:

Minimum screen resolution                                           800×600 pixels
Maximum screen resolutio                                           1280×800 pixels
Available color quality settings medium                         (16 bit) dan highest 932 bit)

Step 3: Calculate the pixels for current and maximum resolution settings
The display on the screen consists of rows of pixels. The number of pixels in each row is the horizontal resolution. The number of rows is the vertical resolution. To determine the total number of pixels in a screen resolution, you multiply the horizontal resolution by the vertical resolution. For example, if the current resolution is 1280 x 1024, the total number of pixels is 1280 times 1024, or 1,310,720. 
Jawaban :
a. Calculate the total number of pixels for the lowest resolution:  600 pixels
b. Calculate the total number of pixels for the maximum resolution:  1280 pixels

Step 4: Identify the type of graphics card installed
c. Use the information found in the Adapter tab to complete the following table:
Jawaban :

Graphics card manufacturer and model (Adapter Type) Graphics memory on card (Memory Size)

Chip type, DAC Type, memory Size, adapter string, Bios infoemation128 MB, but this is based on speck of the each of the computer.

Step 5: Identify the type of monitor and available refresh rates
b. Use the information found in the Monitor tab to complete the following table: 
Jawaban:

Monitor type	Plug and Play Monitor and NVIDIA GeForce Go 7400
Supported refresh rates	60 Hert

c. What can occur if you select a refresh rate that is higher than what the  monitor can safely display? 
Jawaban : Can be damage to hardware.

Lab 1.3.2 Determining Data Storage Capacity

Step 1: Identify the RAM in a computer

d. Check your computer and determine the amount of RAM available to the CPU. How much RAM is in your computer? 956 MB atau 1GB.

Step 2: Determine the size of the hard disk drive

c. Determine the size of the hard drive on your computer. What is the total size of the hard drive in GB?  The answer will vary depending on the hard drive installed in each computer. Jawaban: 74,4 GB

Step 3: Determine the free space and used space on the hard drive 

b. What is the used space of your hard drive in GB? Jawaban : 54,23 GB 

c. What is the free space of your hard drive in GB? Jawaban : 20,17 GB

Step 4: Check for other storage devices

How many drive letters are shown in the window that appears? Jawaban: 3

Step 5: Reflection 

a. Why is it important to know the amount of RAM in your computer? Jawaban: This will determine the type of OS that you are able to run as well as which application programs can be used. Generally the more RAM in a computer system the better 

b. Why is the size of a hard drive as well as the space being used important? Jawaban: The size of the hard drive gives an indication of the total number of files that can be stored on the drive. This includes the operating system, application programs as well as any data associated with these programs. Generally the larger the drive size the better.

Lab 9.3.3 Troubleshooting Physical Connectivity

Step 1: Build the network and configure the hosts

a. Ask your instructor to set up a network topology similar to the one shown with a preconfigured Host-A client computer, integrated router, server, and router. Initially, correct and properly functioning cabling is used so that end-to-end connectivity can be verified. The instructor then introduces cabling problems in each scenario.
b. Problems can consist of using the wrong type of` cable between two devices (straight-through or crossover) or using a defective cable (miswired or improperly terminated). Observe device interface link lights, visually inspect cables, and use a cable tester to determine the problems.
c. Complete steps 2 and 3 of this lab before the instructor introduces problems.

Step 2: Record the correct cable types used between devices 
a. Refer to the topology diagram and record the cable type that should be used (straight-through or crossover) based on the devices being connected. Have your instructor verify this information before proceeding.
b. Which type of cable should be used from Host-A to the integrated router?

Jawaban: Straight-melalui kabel

c. Which type of cable should be used from the integrated router (router portion) to Hub/Switch?

Jawaban:  kabel Straight

d. Which type of cable should be used from Hub/Switch to Router?

Jawaban: kabel Straight

e. Which type of cable should be used from Router to Server?

Jawaban: Kabel Crossover

Step 3: Record the IP address information for the computers 
a. Use the ipconfig command, or get the IP address of Host-A from your instructor, and record it here. Host-A IP address:

Jawaban : DHCP 192.168.1.x

b. Get the server IP address from your instructor and record it here. Server IP address:

c. Before starting on problem scenarios, verify end-to-end connectivity by pinging from Host-A to Server. 
If you do not get a reply from the server, check with your instructor. There may be a problem with the initial hardware or software setup.

Step 4: Scenario 1
a. After your instructor sets up the problem, use visual inspection and a cable tester to isolate the problem.
b. Ping from Host-A to Server. What happened

Jawaban: Host-A tidak dapat mencapai host tujuan (Server).

c. Check the LED link lights on the various device interfaces. Write down any that are not lit.

Jawaban: Host-A NIC LED dan LED di depan saklar penerus yang terintegrasi yang sesuai dengan port mana host- Tersambung.

d. Disconnect and inspect the cable connecting the network interfaces that were not lit. Describe the problem and how you were able to identify it.

Jawaban: Masalah: salah tipe kabel antara Host-A dan terpadu router (Crossover bukan straightthrough a)Pemeriksaan secara visual bisa mengungkapkan jenis kabel yang salah berdasarkan yang diidentifikasi dalam Langkah 2. Suatu dasar kabel tester akan menunjukkan bahwa kontinuitas kawat itu baik tetapi bahwa ini adalah kabel crossover. straightthrough A kabel harus digunakan untuk menghubungkan host ke switch / hub (atau switch pelabuhan yang terintegrasi router).

e. What did you do to correct the problem?

Jawaban: Diganti kabel crossover

f. When the problem is corrected, retest and verify end-to-end connectivity by pinging from Host-A to Server. Was the ping successful?

Step 5: Scenario 2
a. After your instructor sets up the problem, use visual inspection and a cable tester to isolate the problem.
b. Ping from Host-A to Server. What happened

Jawaban: Host-A tidak dapat mencapai tujuan host (Server)

c. Check the LED link lights on the various device interfaces. Write down any that are not lit.

d. Disconnect and inspect the cable connecting the network interfaces that were not lit. Describe the
problem and how you were able to identify it.

e. What did you do to correct the problem?

f. When the problem is corrected, retest and verify end-to-end connectivity by pinging from Host-A to
Server. Was the ping successful?

Step 6: Scenario 3
a. After your instructor sets up the problem, use visual inspection and a cable tester to isolate the problem.
b. Ping from Host-A to Server. What happened?

c. Check the LED link lights on the various device interfaces. Write down any that are not lit.

d. Disconnect and inspect the cable connecting the network interfaces that were not lit. Describe the
problem and how you were able to identify it.

e. What did you do to correct the problem?

f. When the problem is corrected, retest and verify end-to-end connectivity by pinging from Host-A to
Server. Was the ping successful?

Step 7: Scenario 4
a. After your instructor sets up the problem, use visual inspection and a cable tester to isolate the problem.
b. Ping from Host-A to Server. What happened?

c. Check the LED link lights on the various device interfaces. Write down any that are not lit.

d. Disconnect and inspect the cable connecting the network interfaces that were not lit. Describe the
problem and how you were able to identify it.

e. What did you do to correct the problem?

f. When the problem is corrected, retest and verify end-to-end connectivity by pinging from Host-A to
Server. Was the ping successful?

Step 8: Reflection 
a. What are some general rules to help you determine which type of Ethernet cable (straight-through or crossover) to use to connect different types of network hosts and devices?

b. Which types of problems can a cable tester detect that might not be determined by visual inspection?